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Global mental health is the international perspective on different aspects of mental health. It is 'the area of study, research and practice that places a priority on improving mental health and achieving equity in mental health for all people worldwide'.〔Patel V, Prince M. Global mental health - a new global health field comes of age. ''JAMA'' 2010, 303(19):1976-7.〕 Taking into account cultural differences and country-specific conditions, it deals with the epidemiology of mental disorders in different countries, their treatment options, mental health education, political and financial aspects, the structure of mental health care systems, human resources in mental health, and human rights issues among others. The overall aim of the field of global mental health is to strengthen mental health all over the world by providing information about the mental health situation in all countries, and identifying mental health care needs in order to develop cost-effective interventions to meet those specific needs.〔Prince M, Patel V, Saxena S, et al. No health without mental health. ''Lancet'' 2007; 370:859-77 PMID 17804063.〕〔Saxena S, Thornicroft G, Knapp M, Whiteford H. Resources for mental health: scarcity, inequity, and inefficiency. ''Lancet'' 2007; published online Sept 4. .〕〔Lancet Global Mental Health Group. Scale up services for mental disorders: a call for action. ''Lancet'' 2007; published online Sept 4. .〕 There is a growing body of criticism of the global mental health movement, where some see it as a "neo-colonial" or "missionary" project and as primarily a front for pharmaceutical companies seeking new clients for psychiatric drugs. 〔Movement for Global Mental Health Newsletter. May 2014. http://www.globalmentalhealth.org/newsletter_archive/newsletter-may〕 == The global burden of disease == Mental, neurological, and substance use disorders make a substantial contribution to the global burden of disease (GBD).〔World Health Organization. (''Global burden of disease'' ). Geneva, WHO Health statistics and health information systems. Accessed 15 March 2011.〕 This is a global measure of so-called disability-adjusted life years (DALY's) assigned to a certain disease/disorder, which is a sum of the years lived with disability and years of life lost due to this disease within the total population. Neuropsychiatric conditions account for 14% of the global burden of disease. Among non-communicable diseases, they account for 28% of the DALY's — more than cardiovascular disease or cancer. However it is estimated that the real contribution of mental disorders to the global burden of disease is even higher, due to the complex interactions and co-morbidity of physical and mental illness. Around the world, almost one million people die due to suicide every year, and it is the third leading cause of death among young people. The most important causes of disability due to health-related conditions worldwide include unipolar depression, alcoholism, schizophrenia, bipolar depression and dementia. In low- and middle-income countries, these conditions represent a total of 19.1% of all disability related to health conditions.〔World Health Organization: (''Mental Health and Development: Targeting People with Mental Health Conditions as Vulnerable Group''. ) Accessed 15 March 2011.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Global mental health」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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